Dermatoglyphics has been paid much attention because of it´s possibilities of the application to the diagnosis of the hereditary and other diseases.
Although there being many classifications of palmar crease configuration, we face to much difficulties in the study because most of them are not properly oriented.
We found, however, some what modified Atler´s classification in which we added cascade type to distal transverse crease was most fit for the application to the study.
Based on this classification, we observed palmar creases of 116, 112 normal male and female adults, 22, 27 male and female adults with schizophrienia, 51, 63 normal male and female children and 50, 29 male and female with mental retardation, and the frequencies of any subtype on each main palmar crease, i.e, palmar transverse flexion crease, distal transverse crease, proximal transverse crease and thenar crease were obtained and analysed.
1. On palmar transverse flexion crease, normal, Simian, Sydney, cascade, connected hypothenar, connected thenar typd and close type could be observed. In female adults with schizophrenia, the incidence of Sydney type (40.7%) was notably increased than in male ones, and normal (46.3%) and cascade type appeared more frequently than´-in normal females.
2. On distal transverse crease, normal, folked, abscent, cascade and accessory type could be observed. In comparison of schizophrenias with normal adults in male, there appeared more cascade type in schizophrenias. Mental retarded male children showed more increased incidence of cascade type and more decreased incidence of normal type with significance than in normal ones.
3. In the case of proximal transverse crease, Schizophrenias and mental retarded children in male, compared to each control group, showed more increased incidence of normal type.
4. In the case of thenar crease, the incidence of normal type was more decreased with significance in male schizophrenias than in normal ones.
From these significant result, we are sures that the analysis of palmar crease patterns can be applied to the practical use.
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